# Copyright 2020 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
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# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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# ============================================================================
"""activation"""
import numpy as np
from mindspore.ops import operations as P
from mindspore.ops import functional as F
from mindspore.common.parameter import Parameter
from mindspore.common.initializer import initializer
from mindspore.common.tensor import Tensor
from mindspore._extends import cell_attr_register
from mindspore.ops import _selected_ops
from ..cell import Cell
__all__ = ['Softmax',
'LogSoftmax',
'ReLU',
'ReLU6',
'Tanh',
'GELU',
'Sigmoid',
'PReLU',
'get_activation',
'LeakyReLU',
'HSigmoid',
'HSwish',
'ELU',
'LogSigmoid',
]
[docs]class Softmax(Cell):
r"""
Softmax activation function.
Applies the Softmax function to an n-dimensional input Tensor.
The input is a Tensor of logits transformed with exponential function and then
normalized to lie in range [0, 1] and sum up to 1.
Softmax is defined as:
.. math::
\text{softmax}(x_{i}) = \frac{\exp(x_i)}{\sum_{j=0}^{n-1}\exp(x_j)},
where :math:`x_{i}` is the :math:`i`-th slice along the given dim of the input Tensor.
Args:
axis (Union[int, tuple[int]]): The axis to apply Softmax operation, -1 means the last dimension. Default: -1.
Inputs:
- **x** (Tensor) - The input of Softmax.
Outputs:
Tensor, which has the same type and shape as `x` with values in the range[0,1].
Examples:
>>> input_x = Tensor(np.array([-1, -2, 0, 2, 1]), mindspore.float16)
>>> softmax = nn.Softmax()
>>> softmax(input_x)
[0.03168 0.01166 0.0861 0.636 0.2341]
"""
def __init__(self, axis=-1):
super(Softmax, self).__init__()
self.softmax = _selected_ops.Softmax(axis)
def construct(self, x):
return self.softmax(x)
[docs]class LogSoftmax(Cell):
r"""
LogSoftmax activation function.
Applies the LogSoftmax function to n-dimensional input tensor.
The input is transformed with Softmax function and then with log function to lie in range[-inf,0).
Logsoftmax is defined as:
:math:`\text{logsoftmax}(x_i) = \log \left(\frac{\exp(x_i)}{\sum_{j=0}^{n-1} \exp(x_j)}\right)`,
where :math:`x_{i}` is the :math:`i`-th slice along the given dim of the input Tensor.
Args:
axis (int): The axis to apply LogSoftmax operation, -1 means the last dimension. Default: -1.
Inputs:
- **x** (Tensor) - The input of LogSoftmax.
Outputs:
Tensor, which has the same type and shape as the input as `x` with values in the range[-inf,0).
Examples:
>>> input_x = Tensor(np.array([[-1.0, 4.0, -8.0], [2.0, -5.0, 9.0]]), mindspore.float32)
>>> log_softmax = nn.LogSoftmax()
>>> log_softmax(input_x)
[[-5.00672150e+00 -6.72150636e-03 -1.20067215e+01]
[-7.00091219e+00 -1.40009127e+01 -9.12250078e-04]]
"""
def __init__(self, axis=-1):
super(LogSoftmax, self).__init__()
self.log_softmax = _selected_ops.LogSoftmax(axis)
def construct(self, x):
return self.log_softmax(x)
[docs]class ELU(Cell):
r"""
Exponential Linear Uint activation function.
Applies the exponential linear unit function element-wise.
The activation function defined as:
.. math::
E_{i} =
\begin{cases}
x, &\text{if } x \geq 0; \cr
\text{alpha} * (\exp(x_i) - 1), &\text{otherwise.}
\end{cases}
Args:
alpha (float): The coefficient of negative factor whose type is float. Default: 1.0.
Inputs:
- **input_data** (Tensor) - The input of ELU.
Outputs:
Tensor, with the same type and shape as the `input_data`.
Examples:
>>> input_x = Tensor(np.array([-1, -2, 0, 2, 1]), mindspore.float32)
>>> elu = nn.ELU()
>>> elu(input_x)
"""
def __init__(self, alpha=1.0):
super(ELU, self).__init__()
self.elu = P.Elu(alpha)
def construct(self, x):
return self.elu(x)
[docs]class ReLU(Cell):
r"""
Rectified Linear Unit activation function.
Applies the rectified linear unit function element-wise. It returns
element-wise :math:`\max(0, x)`, specially, the neurons with the negative output
will suppressed and the active neurons will stay the same.
Inputs:
- **input_data** (Tensor) - The input of ReLU.
Outputs:
Tensor, with the same type and shape as the `input_data`.
Examples:
>>> input_x = Tensor(np.array([-1, 2, -3, 2, -1]), mindspore.float16)
>>> relu = nn.ReLU()
>>> relu(input_x)
[0. 2. 0. 2. 0.]
"""
def __init__(self):
super(ReLU, self).__init__()
self.relu = P.ReLU()
def construct(self, x):
return self.relu(x)
[docs]class ReLU6(Cell):
r"""
Compute ReLU6 activation function.
ReLU6 is similar to ReLU with a upper limit of 6, which if the inputs are greater than 6, the outputs
will be suppressed to 6.
It computes element-wise as :math:`\min(\max(0, x), 6)`. The input is a Tensor of any valid shape.
Inputs:
- **input_data** (Tensor) - The input of ReLU6.
Outputs:
Tensor, which has the same type with `input_data`.
Examples:
>>> input_x = Tensor(np.array([-1, -2, 0, 2, 1]), mindspore.float16)
>>> relu6 = nn.ReLU6()
>>> relu6(input_x)
[0. 0. 0. 2. 1.]
"""
def __init__(self):
super(ReLU6, self).__init__()
self.relu6 = P.ReLU6()
def construct(self, x):
return self.relu6(x)
[docs]class LeakyReLU(Cell):
r"""
Leaky ReLU activation function.
LeakyReLU is similar to ReLU, but LeakyReLU has a slope that makes it not equal to 0 at x < 0.
The activation function is defined as:
.. math::
\text{leaky_relu}(x) = \begin{cases}x, &\text{if } x \geq 0; \cr
\text{alpha} * x, &\text{otherwise.}\end{cases}
See https://ai.stanford.edu/~amaas/papers/relu_hybrid_icml2013_final.pdf
Args:
alpha (float): Slope of the activation function at x < 0. Default: 0.2.
Inputs:
- **input_x** (Tensor) - The input of LeakyReLU.
Outputs:
Tensor, has the same type and shape with the `input_x`.
Examples:
>>> input_x = Tensor(np.array([[-1.0, 4.0, -8.0], [2.0, -5.0, 9.0]]), mindspore.float32)
>>> leaky_relu = nn.LeakyReLU()
>>> leaky_relu(input_x)
[[-0.2 4. -1.6]
[ 2 -1. 9.]]
"""
def __init__(self, alpha=0.2):
super(LeakyReLU, self).__init__()
self.greater_equal = P.GreaterEqual()
self.mul = P.Mul()
self.alpha = alpha
def construct(self, x):
alpha_array = P.Cast()(F.scalar_to_array(self.alpha), P.DType()(x))
if self.alpha <= 1:
out = P.Maximum()(alpha_array * x, x)
else:
out = P.Minimum()(alpha_array * x, x)
return out
[docs]class Tanh(Cell):
r"""
Tanh activation function.
Applies the Tanh function element-wise, returns a new tensor with the hyperbolic tangent of the elements of input,
The input is a Tensor with any valid shape.
Tanh function is defined as:
.. math::
tanh(x_i) = \frac{\exp(x_i) - \exp(-x_i)}{\exp(x_i) + \exp(-x_i)} = \frac{\exp(2x_i) - 1}{\exp(2x_i) + 1},
where :math:`x_i` is an element of the input Tensor.
Inputs:
- **input_data** (Tensor) - The input of Tanh.
Outputs:
Tensor, with the same type and shape as the `input_data`.
Examples:
>>> input_x = Tensor(np.array([1, 2, 3, 2, 1]), mindspore.float16)
>>> tanh = nn.Tanh()
>>> tanh(input_x)
[0.7617 0.964 0.995 0.964 0.7617]
"""
def __init__(self):
super(Tanh, self).__init__()
self.tanh = _selected_ops.Tanh()
def construct(self, x):
return self.tanh(x)
[docs]class GELU(Cell):
r"""
Gaussian error linear unit activation function.
Applies GELU function to each element of the input. The input is a Tensor with any valid shape.
GELU is defined as:
:math:`GELU(x_i) = x_i*P(X < x_i)`, where :math:`P` is the cumulative distribution function
of standard Gaussian distribution and :math:`x_i` is the element of the input.
Inputs:
- **input_data** (Tensor) - The input of GELU.
Outputs:
Tensor, with the same type and shape as the `input_data`.
Examples:
>>> input_x = Tensor(np.array([[-1.0, 4.0, -8.0], [2.0, -5.0, 9.0]]), mindspore.float32)
>>> gelu = nn.GELU()
>>> gelu(input_x)
[[-1.5880802e-01 3.9999299e+00 -3.1077917e-21]
[ 1.9545976e+00 -2.2918017e-07 9.0000000e+00]]
"""
def __init__(self):
super(GELU, self).__init__()
self.gelu = _selected_ops.Gelu()
def construct(self, x):
return self.gelu(x)
[docs]class Sigmoid(Cell):
r"""
Sigmoid activation function.
Applies sigmoid-type activation element-wise.
Sigmoid function is defined as:
:math:`\text{sigmoid}(x_i) = \frac{1}{1 + \exp(-x_i)}`, where :math:`x_i` is the element of the input.
Inputs:
- **input_data** (Tensor) - The input of Tanh.
Outputs:
Tensor, with the same type and shape as the `input_data`.
Examples:
>>> input_x = Tensor(np.array([-1, -2, 0, 2, 1]), mindspore.float16)
>>> sigmoid = nn.Sigmoid()
>>> sigmoid(input_x)
[0.2688 0.11914 0.5 0.881 0.7305]
"""
def __init__(self):
super(Sigmoid, self).__init__()
self.sigmoid = P.Sigmoid()
def construct(self, x):
return self.sigmoid(x)
[docs]class PReLU(Cell):
r"""
PReLU activation function.
Applies the PReLU function element-wise.
PReLU is defined as: :math:`prelu(x_i)= \max(0, x_i) + w * \min(0, x_i)`, where :math:`x_i`
is an element of an channel of the input.
Here :math:`w` is an learnable parameter with default initial value 0.25.
Parameter :math:`w` has dimensionality of the argument channel. If called without argument
channel, a single parameter :math:`w` will be shared across all channels.
Args:
channel (int): The dimension of input. Default: 1.
w (float): The initial value of w. Default: 0.25.
Inputs:
- **input_data** (Tensor) - The input of PReLU.
Outputs:
Tensor, with the same type and shape as the `input_data`.
Examples:
>>> input_x = Tensor(np.array([-1, -2, 0, 2, 1]), mindspore.float32)
>>> prelu = nn.PReLU()
>>> prelu(input_x)
"""
@cell_attr_register(attrs="")
def __init__(self, channel=1, w=0.25):
super(PReLU, self).__init__()
if isinstance(w, (np.float32, float)):
tmp = np.empty((channel,), dtype=np.float32)
tmp.fill(w)
w = Tensor(tmp)
elif isinstance(w, list):
w = Tensor(w)
if not isinstance(w, Tensor):
raise TypeError("w only support np.float32, float or Tensor type.")
self.w = Parameter(initializer(w, [channel]), name='a')
self.prelu = P.PReLU()
self.relu = P.ReLU()
self.assign = P.Assign()
def construct(self, x):
u = self.relu(self.w)
v = self.prelu(x, u)
if self.training:
self.assign(self.w, u)
return v
[docs]class HSwish(Cell):
r"""
rHard swish activation function.
Applies hswish-type activation element-wise. The input is a Tensor with any valid shape.
Hard swish is defined as:
.. math::
\text{hswish}(x_{i}) = x_{i} * \frac{ReLU6(x_{i} + 3)}{6},
where :math:`x_{i}` is the :math:`i`-th slice along the given dim of the input Tensor.
Inputs:
- **input_data** (Tensor) - The input of HSwish.
Outputs:
Tensor, with the same type and shape as the `input_data`.
Examples:
>>> input_x = Tensor(np.array([-1, -2, 0, 2, 1]), mindspore.float16)
>>> hswish = nn.HSwish()
>>> hswish(input_x)
"""
def __init__(self):
super(HSwish, self).__init__()
self.hswish = P.HSwish()
def construct(self, x):
return self.hswish(x)
[docs]class HSigmoid(Cell):
r"""
Hard sigmoid activation function.
Applies hard sigmoid activation element-wise. The input is a Tensor with any valid shape.
Hard sigmoid is defined as:
.. math::
\text{hsigmoid}(x_{i}) = max(0, min(1, \frac{2 * x_{i} + 5}{10})),
where :math:`x_{i}` is the :math:`i`-th slice along the given dim of the input Tensor.
Inputs:
- **input_data** (Tensor) - The input of HSigmoid.
Outputs:
Tensor, with the same type and shape as the `input_data`.
Examples:
>>> input_x = Tensor(np.array([-1, -2, 0, 2, 1]), mindspore.float16)
>>> hsigmoid = nn.HSigmoid()
>>> hsigmoid(input_x)
"""
def __init__(self):
super(HSigmoid, self).__init__()
self.hsigmoid = P.HSigmoid()
def construct(self, x):
return self.hsigmoid(x)
[docs]class LogSigmoid(Cell):
r"""
Logsigmoid activation function.
Applies logsigmoid activation element-wise. The input is a Tensor with any valid shape.
Logsigmoid is defined as:
.. math::
\text{logsigmoid}(x_{i}) = log(\frac{1}{1 + \exp(-x_i)}),
where :math:`x_{i}` is the element of the input.
Inputs:
- **input_data** (Tensor) - The input of LogSigmoid.
Outputs:
Tensor, with the same type and shape as the `input_data`.
Examples:
>>> net = nn.LogSigmoid()
>>> input_x = Tensor(np.array([1.0, 2.0, 3.0]), mindspore.float32)
>>> logsigmoid = net(input_x)
[-3.1326166e-01, -1.2692806e-01, -4.8587345e-02]
"""
def __init__(self):
super(LogSigmoid, self).__init__()
self.mul = P.Mul()
self.exp = P.Exp()
self.add = P.TensorAdd()
self.rec = P.Reciprocal()
self.log = P.Log()
def construct(self, input_x):
neg_input = self.mul(input_x, -1)
exp_neg_input = self.exp(neg_input)
exp_neg_input_1 = self.add(exp_neg_input, 1)
rec_exp_neg_input_1 = self.rec(exp_neg_input_1)
ret = self.log(rec_exp_neg_input_1)
return ret
_activation = {
'softmax': Softmax,
'logsoftmax': LogSoftmax,
'relu': ReLU,
'relu6': ReLU6,
'tanh': Tanh,
'gelu': GELU,
'sigmoid': Sigmoid,
'prelu': PReLU,
'leakyrelu': LeakyReLU,
'hswish': HSwish,
'hsigmoid': HSigmoid,
'logsigmoid': LogSigmoid,
}
[docs]def get_activation(name):
"""
Gets the activation function.
Args:
name (str): The name of the activation function.
Returns:
Function, the activation function.
Examples:
>>> sigmoid = nn.get_activation('sigmoid')
"""
if name is None:
return None
if name not in _activation:
raise KeyError(f"Unknown activation type '{name}'")
return _activation[name]()